Eternal is the Pow’r of Evil, and Infinite in its contagion! The Great Cthulhu yet hath sway o’er the minds and spirits of Men, yea, even tho' He lieth chained and ensorcelled, bound in the fetters of The Elder Sign, His malignant and loathly Mind spreadeth the dark seeds of Madness and Corruption into the dreams and Nightmares of sleeping men.
—The Necronomicon of Abdul Alhazred, III, 17; the Translation of Dr. John Dee, circa A.D. 1585.
Death is no deterrent to the mighty dead. Even in decay their vast intellects can fill our sleeping minds with nightmare visions of the Pit and ultimate insanities beyond the reach of reason.
—Necrolatry (The Worship of the Dead), Ivor Gorstadt; Leipzig, 1702.
"Alhazred’s image of the Sleeping God leads one almost to the interpretation of Cthulhu as one of the dream-gods such as Hypnos; he is set forth as a god who infects the minds of those asleep with dark and terrifying dreams, nightmares, visions—spreading the germs of his own evil through the world through the medium of his own dreams."
—Cthulhu in the Necronomicon, Laban Shrewsbury, Ph.D., I.L.D., etc.; from an unpublished, fragmentary manuscript written circa 1938-39.
DR. Milton Avery Barnes, senior curator of the Manuscripts Collection of Miskatonic University in Arkham, Mass., has asked me to edit for publication the following verses which were discovered among the papers of the gifted young poet, Wilbur Nathaniel Hoag. Nearly thirty years have elapsed since the discovery of these poems, which are now published here in their final and corrected form for the first time.
The disappearance of Mr. Hoag from his ancient family home on State Street occurred during the night of September 13, 1944, and is still an unsolved mystery. He has since been declared legally dead by the County Court, however, and as he died intestate, leaving no clearly defined heirs, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts has formally bequeathed his papers and his library to the University, on whose behalf my editorial labors have been performed.
The Hoag family was established in the old seaport town of Arkham in 1693, when Isaiah Hoag and his wife and eldest son settled there from Plymouth, England. The family fortune's were built on the South Seas trading voyages of Isaiah’s son, the famous "Yankee trader" Captain Abner Exekiel Hoag, who pioneered the rum and copra trade in the Pacific. Folklorists, anthropologists, and occult scholars may, however, know Captain Hoag best for his reputed discovery of the obscure and debatable Ponape Scripture in the Carolines circa 1734, which manuscript currently is in the possession of the Kester Library in Salem, Mass., and concerning which the late archaeologist Harold Hadley Copeland published his shocking and controversial book The Prehistoric Pacific in the Light of the Ponape Scripture (1911 ).
For well over two centuries, the Hoags have been prominent in Massachusetts history. Their connections with the great Marsh family have been the subject of considerable genealogical research (it was, in fact, this same Abner Exekiel Hoag who wed Bathsheba Randall Marsh in 1713, and thus became the son-in-law of the famous Captain Obed Marsh, whose exploits as a merchant skipper are part of local Arkham legend). Still later, about 1780, the Hoag family also intermarried with the old Kingsport line founded by Amos Tuttle in 1604; the house of Hoag may, then, most fittingly be set among the ancient patriarchal families of Colonial New-England and in the light of their distinguished history it is exceedingly regrettable that the old line has become extinct at last.
Our poet, Wilbur Nathaniel Hoag, was of course the last of his line, and with his death or disappearance yet one more living link with the Colonial past of our country has ended. He was only a youth of twenty-three when he vanished so mysteriously, and in all the years since that time the facts of his disappearance have never been adequately explained, nor have the circumstances surrounding his death, or presumed death, ever come to light. Official queries at the time elicited from his neighbors that for some months before he vanished into the unknown, Hoag had become a virtual recluse and was seldom if ever seen, and then only during the hours of darkness. The morbid strain evident in his verses, the continual references to death and madness, the profusion of occult themes borrowed from, obscure, unwholesome mythological texts, indicate an unstable intellect bordering perhaps on severe aberrance. This is a question for the psychologist, however, and our principal concern here is purely a literary one.
In preparing these sonnets for publication, I have imposed upon them an order and sequence not indicated in the original manuscript. I have been aided by the rapid degeneration of Hoag's handwriting. What I assume to be the earlier verses, those relating to his childhood, are written in a dear and classic Spencerian hand; rapidly, however, the clarity decays to a hurried scribble, and, in the latter half of the sonnets, the penmanship has become an almost animal scrawl, the pages splotched and stained by the oddest pus or slime. Indeed, the latter verses are all but illegible, and so uncouth is their ragged scrawl that I have almost fancied them indited on the page by the deformed paw of some hybrid beast, than by the scion of a fine old Arkham family.
The mystery of Hoag’s disappearance—so oddly akin to the mystery of his late uncle, Zorad Ethan Hoag, murdered and repugnantly mutilated by an unknown hand (our poet makes shuddering reference to the crime in the sonnet I have numbered VII)—will probably never be solved at this late date. But the dark brilliance of his macabre verses, savoring of the more poisonously beautiful pages of Baudelaire, or Poe, or the late Rhode Island poet H. P Lovecraft, is dearly evident in every jeweled page. Morbid these poems are, but in the phrase of H. P Lovecraft, Radiant with beauty, the Cup of the Ptolemies was carven of onyx.
—Lin Carter
Miskatonic University Ackham, Mass. 01970
I am New England born, and home to me
Is ancient Kingsport on the Harbour side.
When I was very young my Father died
And so I came to Arkham by the sea
Where Uncle Zorad and his servant, Jones,
Lived in the old house. He, my guardian,
Was a strange, silent, melancholy man
Given to dark old books and carven stones.
It was from him at last I understood
Why Kingsport people shunned our family.
“Our grandsires came in 1693,"
He said. "And even here they hate our blood.
We came from the old country co survive.
There, we were witches, to be burnt alive."
How much I loved the city's ancient ways.
Quaint cobbled streets, fanlights above the door;
Arkham preserved a softer, gentler lore
In this day’s turmoil, from lost nobler days.
I loved the crooked alleys, narrow, grey,
And gabled houses leaning all awry ...
But even then it had begun to die;
The very air was noisome with decay.
The river-mist, rank with a rotten smell,
The crowded houses, slumped, ramshackle, thin;
Arkham was like a corpse whose outward shell
Preserved a lifelike semblance, while within
Worm, mould, and maggot, in a wriggling slime
Bear witness co the leprous touch of time.
It was that month when red Aldebaran
Burned in the solstice skies arisen late.
With cryptic starry signs enconstellate,
Spelling some occult lore unguessed by man.
The shifting starlight made strange shadows flit
Among the sliding coils of mist that flowed
From the dark Miskatonic past the road.
And every night the Dagon Hall was lit.
It was a sort of church. Old malformed oaks
Grew up around it in a kind of ring.
I overheard the servant say, "The folks
Wonder, ye keep the lad from Worshipping;
Tonight is Festival." I bent to hear
My Uncle say, "He’s young. Another year ..."
Northwards from Arkham up along the coast,
The ancient woods that climb the hills around
Grow oddly thick for such unhealthy ground.
And on the hill-tops, where they grow the most,
All seem deformed and strangely overgrown
As if their roots, deep down within the earth,
Fed on the rank putrescence of some Birth
Malformed and monstrous, and best left unknown.
Even the grass grows mouldy, and a smell
Hangs in the air as though something was dead.
While bloated fungi spread their stench as well.
I asked my Uncle’s servant once. He said,
"Sure, I can tell ye"—would he had nor talked!
"—That is the Wood where once the Black Goat
walked."
He always kept it locked, the attic room,
And ordered me to keep away from there.
I wondered why, and one day climbed the stair
And broke the lock. A place of airless gloom
With walk and rafters that leaned oddly wrong
And crazy angles that were hard to see,
As in some alien geometry
With more dimensions than to ours belong.
But nothing frightened me, until I tried
To open up the window for some air
And found it opened from the other side,
I wiped the dusty pane, and saw out there—
What should not be! I screamed, and somehow knew
What awful worlds chat window opened to.
"It’s been abandoned quite a spell" he said,
"That old church on the hill in back o' Hunt's,
When we was kids, we thought 'twas haunted. Once
I found out why its still untenanted ....
One night I heard 'em talk about the place,
How it were closed on 'count of what were done
In there each Roodmass, and how there was one
Never come out, who went inside. They chased
The preacher feller our o' town, I think
One night the kids dared me to go inside.
It were all dark and dusty, with a stink
All through th' air, like somethin' that had died.
—I screamed and run, soon as I understood
Whose image there on the Black Altar stood!”
The night he died the Demon Star was high.
It hung above the house against the dark
A cold, arcane, malign and watching spark
Like some green, burning and Cycloptic eye.
They locked me in my room, but I could see
My Uncle take down that abhorrent book
At whose mad page I was forbade to look,
Gorscadt's grim volume of Necrolatry.
I heard them chanting (they had closed the blind),
And smelled some burning reek ophidian ...
Then all was silence ... till the screams began.
At dawn the neighbors broke the door, to find
Jones gibbering and mad, Uncle was dead.
They found his body. All except the head.
When I was young they never let me look
Into that room kept under lock and key,
But when he died my Uncle left to me
His strange collection. Almost every book
Was old and crumbling, curiously bound
In serpent-skin, and with a rotten smell
As of some tainted and abandoned well,
Or some dead thing long buried underground.
I looked in one. And, though my blood ran cold,
I read it, page by page. The nightwind blew
About the eaves, and when red morning rolled
Up from the east, I finished. And I knew
Those old, old books were not meant to be read
By sane men. They were better burnt instead.
The yellowed pages, rotten with decay.
Crawling with loathsome symbols, fill my brain
With wild, tumultuous visions. Were I sane
I'd rise and hurl the leprous books away,
Yet I read on, half thrilled, half in disgust,
Rapt with sick fascination to explore
The vile corruption of forbidden lore,
That leaves me weak and soiled with nameless lust.
I rise with dawn and scrub my shaking hands
And gulp strong brandy down, and try to pray,
And vow to burn these books ... another day ....
But I am like one trapped in sinking sands,
Who strayed apart far from the paths of men.
The night will come. And I will read again ...
This lore was old before the rise of Ur,
Before the pomp of Babylon was born,
Ere golden Egypt knew her golden morn.
Or Tyre, or Nineveh, or dark Sumer.
Ere any human peoples trod the earth
The blue Pacific lapped the carven walls
Of seacoast cities whose basaltic halls
Were drowned in myth before Atlantis' birth.
Lost land, thy ancient mages read the stars
And scanned necrotic hieroglyphs on scrolls
Borne hence from flighted Yuggoth where she rolls
Far on the Rim amidst fantastic wars.
Only the Text bears witness to thy lore,
Sunken R'lyeh, that shall rise no more.
Long-lost and legended, R'lyeh sleeps,
Dreaming ensorcelled ages by, the while
Slow foetid waves wash round her rotting pile
Drowned in the utter most of ocean deeps ...
Until the stars are right, when from that tomb
The awful Dead her primal ruins hide
Shall rise tremendous, as was prophesied.
Until that hour she sleeping bides her doom,
Wake not, dread ruin that the tides caress.
Thou weed-grown mass of thronged decaying spires.
Dim, phosphor-litten with putrescent fires—
Sleep on, thou whelmed, accurst necropolis!
Too soon shall from thy cyclopean fane
Cthulhu wake to walk the earth again!
In what remote Hyperborean clime,
Under what alien-configured skies
Namelessly constellated, it doth rise
Is known to none. In the abyss of time
No eye hath seen the sable mountain rear
Her pinnacles. The place hath not been guessed
Where Kadath lifts her onyx-castled crest
Among the shantak-guarded deserts drear.
Only chose dreamers roaming far afield
Beyond the lands we know, to them alone
Is far and fabulous Kadath revealed
And all her mysteries to them made known,
And That which lies deep in her inmost crypt—
The secret of the Pnakotic Manuscript.
(page missing)
In glacier-whelmed and lost Commoriom,
Aeons before Atlantis, at the Pole
Where now but black and frozen oceans roll
Their sluggish tides, and warm suns never come,
He sought the secrets of the Elder Age,
Of nightmare gods and old fantastic wars
Brought down by Tsathoggua from the stars
And chronicled on Eibon's darkling page.
Hyperborea spake his name with dread
And whispered of strange shapes and stranger light
That moved about his ebon spire one night
When thunder spoke and all the stars burned red.
Next morn it lay in ruins everywhere.
They found his Book. His body was not there ....
Beneath Voormithadreth the Mount of Dread
In lost Hyperborea long ago
Before the coming of eternal snow.
The wizard followed where the shantak led;
Down through the gulfs of those tremendous deeps,
Caverns of nightmare, where the wholesome sun
Hath never shone since first the earth begun,
To that abyss where Tsathoggua sleeps.
Eibon alone hath seen, and come back sane
From that slime pit of madness where It lies,
The Black Abomination from the skies,
Who sleepeth now but who shall wake again.
We know the truth, we who have dared to look
Into the darkling pages of his Book ....
In dreams alone I tread those jungled streets
Where shattered columns, black with hoary age.
Hint of the splendour of some crumbling page
Of history now legended. The seats
Of prehistoric majesty still stand—
The monstrous walls, the cryptic minarets
—But whose the hand that raised them? Time forgets,
Mazed in the darkness of this silent land.
Only the moon remembers, ages gone,
The glittering, barbaric Wizard-Kings
Who found the Sign and made the Offerings
In the forgotten ages of earth's dawn.
The moon alone recalls that nameless crime
That wiped them from the memory of Time.
Something is wrong tonight. Far out to sea
Strange phosphorescence flickers from below.
The ocean heaves in waves uneasy, slow,
That roil and bubble, an old prophecy
Comes back to haunt my soul ... the stars burn cold,
In patterns oddly wrong. And now the deep
Surges, like something—stirring—in its sleep!
Is this the Night the ancient books foretold?
Iä! The seas unfold! That Shape—’tis true!
He rises from the city old as time! ...
I woke ... and knew it but a dream ... yet knew
The blood-congealing truth of that old rhyme:
"That is not dead which can eternal lie,
And with strange aeons even death may die."
"This is the night," the sly-faced stranger leered
—He had approached me on the lonely streets—
"This is the night the Arkham coven meets!"
Before I answered he had disappeared.
At nightfall I went down the cellar steps
And through that secret door which I had found.
It led by dark ways tunneled underground
Into a caverned abyss in the depths.
Weak with a mingled loathing and desire,
I joined the hooded throng that milled and whirled
About the standing stones, red-lit with fire
That flamed up from the bowels of the world.
One hailed me—"Azath!"—he was robed in red—
''That was your Uncle's coven-name," he said.
The Coven-Master gave to me a phial
Of that dread opiate that is the key
To dream-gates opening upon a sea
Of achetontic vapours: mile on mile
Stretched ebon coasts untrod, wherefrom aspire
Pylons of rough-hewn stone climbing to skies
Alien-constellated, where arise
Grey mottled moons of cold and leprous fire.
My dream-self roamed the cosmic gulfs profound.
Past daemon-haunted Haddith, where in deeps
Of foul putrescence buried underground
The loathsome shoggoth hideously sleeps.
I saw—and screamed! And knew my doom of dooms,
Learning at last ... where the Black Lotus blooms.
I drank the golden mead and did those things
Of which I read within the ancient book.
The wind awoke. The elms and willows shook
Before the thunder of fantastic wings.
Down from the cosmic gulfs the monster fell,
The grim, stupendous, bat-winged Byakhee,
Come from the cloudy shores of Lake Hali,
Black-furred and iron-beaked, with eyes of Hell.
When I bestrode its back, the beast unfurled
Its vast and mighty wings. Across dark seas
Of space we flew. Amid the Hyades
We reached at last that bleak and mythic world
To men forbidden and by gods abhorred,
Carcosa, where the great Hastur is Lord.
It was a scene that I had known before,
This barren, desolate, and drear expanse
Through which I wandered in a dream-like trance.
And there in somber splendor by the shore
Of dark Hali the nameless city stood:
Black domes and monolithic towers loom
Stark and gigantic in the midnight gloom
Like druid menhirs in a haunted wood.
These streets and walls I seem to half-recall,
Wandering blindly through the winding ways
Beneath a sky with strange black stars ablaze.
From some mad dream ... or was it dream at all?
Aye, here it was I heard Cassilda sing.
Where flap the yellow tatters of The King!
Down the dark street of monoliths I passed.
The shambling, faceless figure of my Guide
A voiceless thing that beckoned at my side.
And to the dreaded Gate I came at last.
Before the silent Guardian I made
The black unhallowed Sacrifice, and spoke
Names at whose sound forgotten echoes woke.
The portals gaped. I entered unafraid.
Fate, or my stars, or some accursed pride
Had brought me here. Naked, I stood alone
And took the Vow before the Elder Throne—
He laughed, and drew His tattered mantle wide—
O do not seek to learn nor ever ask
What horror hides behind ... The Pallid Mask!
In dreams the Daemon comes upon the hour
Of full moon over Arkham. And I see
The opal shores of seas unknown to me
Where Babel-tall, bizarre, the cities tower—
Black and basalt metropoli of myth
Athrong with ziggurat and pyramid
That scale dark skies where ebon moons are hid.
Is it a dream of Yaddath or of Ith?
Or some outré and undimensioned sphere
Beyond the cosmos? I seek not to learn
Upon what occult world those ruins rear.
Remembering those books I ought to burn.
This much I know: the cities and the shore
Were somewhere, somehow, known to me before ....
There lies a world beyond the seas of night.
Past the last planet, on the farthest Rim
Of curving space, where by some cosmic whim
It reels and wheels beyond the shores of light,
Lost in the howling dark. The eye of man
Can never glimpse its lone imperial place,
Deep in the blackest depths of elder space,
Nor astronomic glass may ever scan.
This is the planet that Alhazred knew,
Beyond the measured, known, and numbered nine;
Lost and alone where never sun doth shine.
Nor soft winds blow, nor skies are ever blue.
Far in the midnight deeps beyond our sight,
There the black planet rides the tides of night.
Dreams hold no dread for me, for I alone
Went down the Seven Hundred Steps and passed
The Gate of Deeper Slumber, till at last
I went beyond the limits of the Known ...
I have seen many-columned Y’ha-nthlei,
And talked with serpent-boarded Byatis,
And, flown on Night Gaunts to the last abyss,
Have glimpsed the foetid pits where Abhoth lay.
All worlds lie open to me ... time and space
Reveal their darkest secrets to the one
Who dares the nighted realm of They Who Shun
The Light, and comes to gaze into His face.
What I have seen would drive you mad; yet I
Cannot go mad; I cannot even ... die.
Where ominous the mould-encumbered walls
Of riven citadels old as Mnar
Rise in their ruin, from a distant star
I wandered; now, nightmare alone recalls
Those greenly-litten vales of writhing trees
Whose scaled and snaky limbs reached for my flesh;
And those black, hellish jungles beyond Kesh
Where I with ghouls conversed by foetid seas.
And there was one that shambled from the feast,
Whining with eagerness to scan my face,
A filth-encrusted, gaunt, hound-muzzled beast
Who sought to fold me in its vile embrace.
It spake those words at which I paled and fled.
"I was your Uncle, when I lived," it said.
They ride the night-wind when the Demon Star
Over the dim horizon burns bale-red.
Come from the charnel-pits of the undead,
Nadir of nightmare, where the shoggoths are.
Now, till the light of morning-litten east
Bids them return to the unbottomed slime,
Freely they roam the darkling earth a time
And from fresh grave abominably feast.
These are they spawn that nighted pits confine,
And shouldst thou sight them in the midnight gloom,
Then art thou lost! For not the Elder Sign
That seals the great Cthulhu in his tomb.
Canst save thee from the hunger-maddened wrath
Of the Begotten of Shub-Niggurath
I have seen Yith, and Yuggoth on the Rim.
And black Carcosa in the Hyades;
And in the slimy depths of certain seas,
I have beheld the tomb where lieth Him
Who Was And Who Shall Be; and I have flown
Astride the shantak or the byakbee
Where Kadath in the Cold Waste terribly
Bears up her onyx-castled crest unknown.
I have conversed with seer and archimage
In glacier-buried, drear Commoriom,
And traced the maggot-eaten parchment page
Of tomes that Tsarhoggua carried from
Dim vast Cykranosh. I am no more sane,
For too much horror burns away the brain.
Sometimes I dream that I was once a man
On some small planet in the deeps of night,
And not a mindless, mewling parasite.
And, with my brethren off Aldebaran
Or green Algol, I sometimes seem to trace
Against the dark a smiling, lovely thing ....
I half-recall a voice that used to sing
Old lullabies ... is it my mother's face?
Is it a vision, dream, or memory?
The chittering horde about me sweeps me on:
The half-remembered vision dims—is gone.
An ancient pain gnaws at the heart of me.
From this strange dream, this mystic cryptogram,
I wake to horror—knowing what I am.
From black Mnar, from Yuggoth on the Rim,
From those liquescent pits where shoggoths bloat,
Across the cosmic gulfs of spheres remote
—We come! We come! At the command of Him
Who is our Lord and Father. Bleak Kadath
And frozen Leng have known our awful tread;
Lost Yhe in the Pacific quailed in dread
Before our coming, and our Father’s wrath ....
And some of us were human once, and some
Have never even heard the name of Earth,
Abominations of a monstrous birth
Out of the womb of nightmare. ... When we come,
The nations kneel in fear before our step ...
We are the Children of Nyarlathotep.