Notes

1 Unwins, P.J.R. et al. 1998. Novel nano-organisms from Australian sandstones. American Minerologist 83: 1541–1550.

2 Broad, W.J. 2000. Scientists find smallest form of life, if it lives. NY Times, Jan. 18.

3 Euzéby, J.P. March 2001. List of bacterial names with standing in nomenclature. http://www.bacterio.cict.fr/index.html

4 Kajander, E.O., et al. 1999. Suggestions from observations on nanobacteria isolated from blood. In Size Limits of Very Small Microorganisms: Proceedings of a Workshop. National Academy Press, Washington. 164 pp.

5 Kroes et al. 1999. Bacterial diversity within the human subgingival crevice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 796(25): 14547-14552.

6 Rainy, P.B., and E.R. Moxon. 2000. When being hyper keeps you fit. Science 288: 1186–1188.

7 Blachford, A. 1984. Metavariation and long term evolutionary patterns. M.Sc. thesis, Zoology, University of British Columbia, 140pp.

8 Marsh, M., and H.T. McMahon. 1999. The structural era of endocytosis. Science 285(5425): 215–220.

9 Decatur, A.L., and D.A. Portnoy. 2000. A PEST-like sequence in Listeriolysin O essential for Listeria monocytogenes pathogenicity. Science 290: 992–995.

10 Eschenmoser, A. 1999. Chemical etiology of nucleic acid structure. Science 284: 2118–2123.

11 Gesteland, R.F., et al. 1999. The RNA World. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY. 735pp.

12 Gray, M.W., et al. 1999. Mitochondrial Evolution. Science 283: 1476–1481.

13 Orgel, L. 2000. A simpler nucleic acid. Science 290:1306–1307.

14 Orgel, L. and L. Ost. 1999. Did life originate in an RNA world? In Size Limits of Very Small Microorganisms: Proceedings of a Workshop. National Academy Press, Washington. 164 pp.

15 Vogel, G. 1998. Finding life's limits. Science 282: 1399.

16 Rasmussen, B. 2000. Filamentous microfossils in a 3,235-million-year-old volcanogenic massive sulphide deposit. Nature 405: 676–679.

17 Lodish, H., et al. 1995. Molecular Cell Biology, 3rd ed. Scientific American Books, W.H. Freeman & Co., NY. 1344pp.

18 Schulz, H.N., et al. 1999. Dense populations of a giant sulfur bacterium in Namibian shelf sediments. Science 284: 493–495.

19 Macmillan, M. 2000. An Odd Kind of Fame Stories: of Phineas Gage. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 576pp.

20 Anderson, S.W. et al. 1999. Impairment of social and moral behavior related to early damage in human prefrontal cortex. Nature Neuroscience 2: 1032–1037.

21 Davidson, R.J., et al. 2000. Dysfunction in the neural circuitry of emotion regulation—a possible prelude to violence. Science 289: 591–594.

22 Zimmer, C. August 2000. Do parasites rule the world? Discover: 80–85.

23 Zimmer, C. 2000. Parasites make Scaredy-rats foolhardy. Science 289: 525–527.

24 John Rennie, J. January, 1992. Living Together. Scientific American.

25 Huberman, B.A., and R.M. Lukose. 1997. Social Dilemmas and Internet Congestion. Science 277: 535–537.

26 Matrix-net's Internet Weather Report, at http://www.mids.org/weather/.

27 Barabasi, A.-L. et al. 1999. Internet: Diameter of the World-Wide Web. Nature 401: 130–131.

28 Parrish, J.K., and Edelstein-Keshet, L. 1999. Complexity, Pattern, and Evolutionary Trade-offs in Animal Aggregation. Science 284: 99-101.

29 Koch, C., and G. Laurent. 1999. Complexity and the nervous system. Science 284: 96–98.

30 Holland, J. H. 1992. Genetic algorithms. Scientific American, 267(1): 66–72.

31 Wilson, D.S. 2000. Nonzero and nonsense: group selection, nonzerosumness, and the Human Gaia Hypothesis. Skeptic 8(1): 84–89.

32 Service, R. 1999. Neurons and silicon get intimate. Science 284: 578–579.

33 Episode four of the PBS video series "The Machine that Changed the World": Go to http://www.otterbein.edu/home/fac/dvdjstck/CSC100/CSC100TMTCTW.htm* * *TM for farther information.

34 Tegmark, M. 2000. The importance of quantum decoherence in brain processes. Physical Review E61: 4194–4206.

35 Quantum computation in the brain? Decoherence and biological feasibility", abstract of a talk given at the 2000 Tucson Conference by the University of Arizona's Center for Consciousness Studies (available online at http://www.consciousness.arizona.edu/hameroff/decoherence.html* * *Abstract)

36 Teunisse et al. 1996. Visual hallucinations in psychologically normal people: Charles Bonnet's syndrome. Lancet 347: 794–797.

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