Burial Ground

PREDATORY INSTINCT

MICHAEL McBRIDE

(An excerpt from the new novel from Delirium Books.)

June 10, 12:35 PM EDT

Fossil skull DNA identifies new human ancestor

By RADLEY DUNHILL

Associated Press Writer

NEW YORK (AP) -- Scientists have identified a previously unknown ancient human through the analysis of mitochondrial DNA from fragments of skull bones unearthed in a Siberian cave.

A team of archaeologists investigating the Seima-Turbino Phenomenon, a spontaneous rapid and massive exodus of the indigenous peoples of the Altai Mountains into distant parts of Europe and Asia during the second millennium BCE, exhumed the fossilized remains from one of twenty-two distinct layers of strata. Thermoluminescent and radiocarbon dating of the surrounding sediment suggest that this unclassified hominin (human-like creature) existed a mere 35,000 years ago at a time when both primitive humans (Homo sapiens) and Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) cohabited this isolated region of Central Asia, raising the possibility that these three distinctive forms of human could have met and interacted.

Researchers at the Douglas Caldwell Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in New York extracted the mitochondrial DNA, which is inherited only through the maternal line, from the bones and compared the genetic sequence with those of modern humans and Neanderthals. The analysis revealed that the three last shared a common ancestor more than one million years ago, proving that the Altai individual, referred to publicly as the "Siberian Hominin" and as "Enigman" by the scientists in internal emails, represents a previously unrecognized African migration.

"Whoever carried this genome out of Africa is some new creature we never even suspected might exist," said Dr. Geoffrey Melton of the Caldwell Institute. "The evidence is convincing. We are dealing with a hitherto unclassified hominin, and quite possibly a new species entirely."

Without a more complete fossil record, scientists can only speculate as to what the Siberian Hominin may have looked like or how it may have behaved or intermingled with early modern humans. However, based on the size of the skull fragments, it more closely resembles its larger and more heavily muscled Neanderthal cousins than its human contemporaries.

"Paleontologists are scouring the northern region of the Altai Mountains for further evidence of the Siberian Hominin," Melton said. "While the cold weather helps preserve ancient DNA, the constant presence of so much snow at the higher elevations makes it like looking for a needle in a haystack the size of Texas. We're dealing with thousands of acres of the most inhospitable terrain in the world, and it's blanketed by snow and ice year-round. We may never find any sign of this miraculous new species again."

While archaeologists remain hopeful that their diligence will be rewarded, for now they can only look down from the sheer icy peaks like their ancestors must have done tens of thousands of years ago, and imagine a time when creatures simultaneously familiar and alien moved through the blizzarding snow.