Notes

1

Van Dover, C.L., et al. 2002. Evolution and biogeography of deep-sea vent and seep invertebrates. Science 295: 1253-1257.

2

Rona, P.A. 2003. Resources of the sea floor. Science 299: 673-674.

3

British Broadcasting Corporation. 2001. The blue planet: a natural history of the ocean, Part 3: The Deep.

4

Peterson, B.J., et al. 2002. Increasing river discharge to the Arctic Ocean. Science 298: 2171-2173.

5

Weaver, A.J., and C. Hillaire-Marcel. 2004. Global warming and the next ice age. Science 304: 400-402.

6

Bildstein, T. 2002. Global warming is good (if you like calamari). Australasian Science, August 2002.

7

Cowen, J.P, et al. 2003. Fluids from Aging Ocean Crust That Support Microbial Life. Science 299: 120-123.

8

Kasting, J.F., and J.L. Siefert. 2002. Life and the evolution of Earth’s atmosphere. Science 296: 1066-1068.

9

Waters, E., et al. 2003. The genome of Nanoarchaeum equitans: Insights into early archaeal evolution and derived parasitism. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 100: 12984-12988;

10

Palumbi, S.R., and R.R. Warner. 2003. Why Gobies are like Hobbits. Science 2003 January 3; 299: 51-52.

11

Taylor, M.S., and M.E. Hellberg. 2003. Genetic Evidence for Local Retention of Pelagic Larvae in a Caribbean Reef Fish. Science 2003 January 3; 299: 107-109.

12

Vrijenhoek, R.C. 1997. Gene flow and genetic diversity in naturally fragmented metapopulations of deep-sea hydrothermal vent animals. J. Heredity. 88: 285-293.

13

Somero, G.N. 1992. Biochemical ecology of deep-sea animals. Experientia 48, 537-543.

14

Møller, P.R., et al. 2003. Fish migration: Patagonian toothfish found off Greenland. Nature 421, 599.

15

Zimmer, C. 2003. Tinker, tailor: can Venter stitch together a genome from scratch? Science 299: 1006-1007.

16

Mehl, R.A., et al. 2003. Generation of a Bacterium with a 21 Amino Acid Genetic Code. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 125:935-939.

17

Ferber, D. 2004. Microbes made to order. Science 303: 158-161.

18

Orgel, L. 2000. A simpler nucleic acid. Science 290: 1306.

19

Gabaldón, T., and M.A. Huynen. 2003. Reconstruction of the proto-mitochondrial metabolism. Science 301: 609.

20

Raymond, J., et al. 2002. Whole-genome analysis of photosynthetic prokaryotes. Science 298: 1616-1620.

21

Funes, S., et al. 2002. A green algal apicoplast ancestor. Science 298: 2155.

22

Movassaghi, M., and E.N. Jacobsen. 2002. The simplest “Enzyme”. Science 298: 1904-1905.

23

Caspi, A., et al. 2002. Role of genotype in the cycle of violence of maltreated children. Science 297: 851-854.

24

Beckman, M. 2003. False memories, true pain. Science 299: 1306.

25

Offer, D., et al. 2000. Altering of Reported Experiences. J. Amer. Academy Child and Adolescent Psych. 39(6): 735-742.

26

Hare, R.D. 1999. Without Conscience: The Disturbing World of the Psychopaths Among Us. Guilford Press, 236pp.

27

Goldberg, C. 2003. Data accumulating on psychopaths. The Toronto Star, July 20, reprinted from the Boston Globe.

28

Hare, R.D. 1999. Without Conscience: The Disturbing World of the Psychopaths Among Us. Guilford Press, 236pp.

29

MacMillan, J., and L.K. Kofoed. 1984. Sociobiology and antisocial behavior. J. Mental and Nervous Diseases 172, 701-06.

30

Harpending, H.C., and J. Sobus. 1987. Sociopathy as an adaptation. Ethology and Sociobiology 8, 63S-72S.

31

Helluy, S., and Thomas, F. 2003. Effects of Microphallus papillorobustus (Platyhelminthes, trematoda) on serotonergic immunoreactivity and neuronal architecture in the brain of Gammarus insensibilis (Crustacea, Amphipoda). Proceeding of the Royal Society of London (B.) 270: 563-568.

32

Greene, J.D., et al. 2001. An fMRI investigation of emotional engagement in moral judgment. Science 293: 2105-2108

33

Helmuth, L. 2001. Moral Reasoning Relies on Emotion. Science 293: 1971-1972.

34

Macmillan, M. 2000. An Odd Kind of Fame: Stories of Phineas Gage. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 576pp.

35

Anderson, S.W. et al. 1999. .Impairment of social and moral behavior related to early damage in human prefrontal cortex. Nature Neuroscience 2: 1032-1037.

36

Moll, J., et al. 2002. The Neural Correlates of Moral Sensitivity: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Investigation of Basic and Moral Emotions. J. Neurosci., 22(7):2730-2736

37

Sanfrey, A.G., et al. 2003. The Neural Basis of Economic Decision-Making in the Ultimatum Game. Science 300: 1755-1758.

38

Baard, E. 2003. The Guilt-Free Soldier: New Science Raises the Specter of a World Without Regret. The Village Voice, January 22 - 28. (Also http://www.villagevoice.com/issues/0304/baard.php)

39

Gibson, M.A. and R. Mace. 2003. Strong mothers bear more sons in rural Ethiopia. Biology Letters (Proceedings of the Royal Society Suppl. Online) 20 May.

40

“When Killing Just Won’t Do”—Excerpt from Nonlethal weapons: terms and references by the United Stats Air Force Institute for National Security Studies, quoted in Harper’s 306 (1833): 17-19.

41

Anonymous. 2003. Come fry with me. The Economist 366(8309): 68-69.

42

Altmann, J. 1999. Acoustic weapons—a prospective assessment: sources, propagation, and effects of strong sound. Occasional Paper #22, 87pp.

43

Beljaars, A. 1992. The parameterization of the planetary boundary layer. Available at http://www.ecmwf.int/

44

http://www.spacecatlighting.com/marxgenerator01.htm

45

Lenski, R.E., et al. 1999. Genome complexity, robustness, and genetic interactions in digital organisms. Nature 400: 661–664.

46

Wilke, C.O., and C. Adami. 2002. The biology of digital organisms. Trends Ecol Evol 17: 528–532.

47

O’Neill, B. 2003. Digital evolution. Public Library of Science Biology 1: 11-14, or http://www.plosbiology.org/plosonline/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371/journal.pbio.0000018

48

http://dllab.caltech.edu/avida/

49

If you’re looking for primary sources on this, though, you’re SOL. I’m just regurgitating memories of a grad course I took in theoretical ecology back at the University of Guelph.

50

Eisenberg, A. 2003. Wired to the Brain of a Rat, a Robot Takes On the World. The New York Times, May 15, 2003.

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